Frequently Asked Questions
What is Lymphoedema?
Lymphoedema is chronic swelling caused by dysfunction in the lymphatic vascular system. An abnormal accumulation of protein rich fluid builds up in the tissue space by a chronic low level inflammation and reactive fibrosis.
Common areas for lymphoedema to occur is in the arms, legs, chest, abdomen, head and neck.
Swelling that occurs due to missing or disorganized lymphatic vessels and organs usually indicates primary lymphoedema.
Secondary Lymphoedema is chronic swelling with a known cause. Secondary lymphoedema can be acquired from such things as trauma, illness or surgery and is a result of damage to the lymphatic system.
What is the Lymphatic System?
The Lymphatic System is made up of specialized organs, vessels and cells that transports and filters fluid called lymph. It emerges out of deep veins from the heart and meanders throughout the body forming an organized network of vessels just beneath the skin. Lymph flows inwards beginning under the skins surface and returns back to the heart and cardiovascular circulation.
The Lymphatic System is a vital part of the;
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Circulatory System- Helping to maintain blood pressure and filter pathogens from the blood.
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Immune System -Immune cells roam throughout the lymphatic vessels and position themselves in lymphatic organs to monitor and eliminate pathogens before they pose a systemic threat.
What are the risks of developing lymphoedema?
Chronic venous insufficiency
Surgery, removal of lymph nodes
Increased weight gain
Radiation therapy
Skin infections such as cellulitis
Trauma and damage to the lymphatic system such as dog bite
How does lymphoedema progress?
Lymphoedema is classed into four stages
Latent: There is an absence of clinical swelling but sufferers of lymphoedema report feelings of heaviness and fullness before swelling appears.
Stage one: During this stage, soft swelling is visible. The swelling will decrease with elevation.
Stage two: Elevation no longer has an effect. Congestion continues to accumulate in the tissue which results in the development of scar tissue known as fibrosis.
Stage three: This stage is the final and most extreme stage of lymphoedema. Stage three is known as lymphostatic elephantiasis. The skin and underlying tissues undergo dramatic changes, becomes hard or sclerotic, fills with fibrosis and lowers immune defense. Fatty tissue is also a feature of this stage. Damage to nerves can occur from the pressure of the tissue changes. Pain may also be present.
What is the best way to treat lymphoedema?
The most effective way of treating lymphoedema is through a therapy known as Combined Decongestive Therapy or CDT. It is a combination of lymphatic massage known as Manual Lymphatic Drainage or MLD, multi layered bandaging, compression garment prescription, tailored exercise programs, skin care and education.
Will I need a compression garment?
Compression garments are a vital component in lymphoedema care and fluid management. Once a reduction in fluid has been achieved, the idea is to maintain this reduction. The best way to do this is by wearing a compression garment that has been measured and fit to your specific needs.
How often do I need to renew my garment?
It is recommended to renew your garment every 6 months. It is important to be remeasured and fitted for your garment as fluid volumes within the affected area may have changed.
Before making an appointment, what do I need to do?
Take some time to read through the Patient Information page on this site. Before your first visit please ensure you complete everything on the checklist. The checklist will let you know what you need to bring to your appointment.